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How are AND OR operators used in reports?

When building a report there are a number of parameters that can be set.  The report queries are constructed using a combination of operator functions.

The AND operator displays a record if both the first condition AND the second condition are true.  The AND operator is used when values are set between different options.  For example:

 I want a list of:

  •  - Area of Interest = National (AND)
  •  - Facility Type = AGP (AND)
  •  - Facility Sub Type = 3G Rubber Crumb (AND)
  •  - Pitch Count => 2 (AND)
  •  - Small AGP Flag ticked

This would generate a report output of only small sided 3G APGs facilities with more than 2 pitches located in England.

The OR operator displays a record if either the first condition OR the second condition is true.  The OR operator is used when multiple values within a single option.  For example:

 I want a list of:

  •  - Area of Interest = Kent (AND)
  •  - Facility Type = Grass Pitches (AND)
  •  - Ownership = Local Authority (OR) Education (OR) Sports Club

This would generate a report output of Grass Pitches in Kent that are either owned by the Local Authority sector or the Education sector or Sports Clubs.

It should be noted that no results may be generated if certain options are used e.g. for GOLF.  Unlike most facility types Golf has sub types that do not share the same attributes (i.e. Driving ranges do not have the same attributes as par 3 or standard courses).  For example:

 I want a list of:

  •  - Area of Interest = National (AND)
  •  - Golf (AND)
  •  - Bays = >4 (AND)
  •  - Holes = >4

 This would generate a report output of no results as no single facility has both Bay and Hole attributes. 


How are counts of different facility types calculated?

In broad terms calculations are based upon the smallest unit definable for a facility type.  For example, the total number of Grass Pitches at a site will be based upon the number of individual pitches for all Grass Pitch sub types (of which 20 sub types currently exist ranging from Adult Football to Rounders).  Should a site have four Adult Football pitches, two Junior Football pitches and three Rounder pitches a total count of nine pitches would be calculated. 

The method for calculating counts by the number of units applies to small Artificial Grass Pitches (AGPs), Grass Pitches, Squash Courts and Tennis Courts.  Note 'full size' AGPs will only have a pitch count of 1.  See separate FAQ for more details.

All other facility counts are based upon the number of facility sub types rather than unit value.   For example, the total count of Swimming Pools at a site will be based upon the number of individual facility sub types only (of which there are five).  Should a site have one Main/General Pool, one Diving Pit and one Learner pool a total of three facilities would be calculated. 

 *Please note that between the re-launch of Active Places Power in November 2012 and a fix release in June 2013 Artificial Grass Pitches (AGPs), Grass Pitches, Squash Courts and Tennis Courts were incorrectly calculated as a count of facility type rather than a count of units.  The result being that counts for these facilities types were significantly less than normally reported by Sport England.*


How are the catchment areas (drive, walk, cycle) generated and which datasets are used?

Active Places Power uses Esri's ArcGIS Server Network Analyst software to provide dynamic catchment area analysis as part of the Catchment Report and Area Access Report.


Three network analysis models of Drive, Walk and Cycle are available, which use a combination of Ordnance Survey's OS Highways (previously Integrated Transport Network ITN) Layer, Ordnance Survey's Paths data and Sustran’s National Cycle Network

  •    - Drive:  For the driving option OS Highways data is used with road speed limits assigned articulated speed limits determined through Sport England's Facility Planning Model (FPM). This includes for example, a junction delay factor of 10% (of the total Drive Time) and an additional 90 Secs (1.5 Mins) to factor in parking delays at the start and end of each journey. This ensures a consistent calculation of drive times used within both Active Places Power and the Facility Planning Model. 

  •    - Walk:  For the walking option OS Highways is combined with Ordnance Survey's Paths data. Motorways are avoided and all traversable roads and paths are assigned a speed of 3 MPH.  

  •    - Cycle:  For the cycling option OS Highways is combined with Ordnance Survey's Paths data and Sustran’s National Cycle Network.  A speed of 10mph is used on OS Highways roads (with motorways being excluded), 8mph on OS Path paths that overlay National Cycle Network off-road sections where cycling is permitted and 3mph on paths where it is assumed cycling is not permitted but to allow for connectivity.  The cycle speeds are based on the London Cycling Design Standard and in consultation with British Cycling and Sustrans.  

 

The ArcGIS Server Network Analyst extension computes catchment areas (isochrones) around any location on the network whether this be an existing facility or a new user defined location.  The service area will encompass all accessible streets that are within a specified impedance. For example, the 5-minute catchment area for a point on a network includes all the streets that can be reached within five minutes from that point.  A service area for a given point is simply the polygon areas defined by specific time limit breaks (i.e. 5, 10, 15, 20 , 25, 30, and 35 minutes).

The resulting isochrones are then intersected with profile data (point in polygon) to create the required report information. For example, population centroids within each catchment area are selected and aggregated to provide a total population count.

 For details on how access analysis outputs are generated please see the FAQ:  How does the access analysis report determine accessibility of sport facilities for a defined population?

Update:  May 2020

As of 6th May 2020, Ordnance Survey Highways data is used in the Active Places Power website. This dataset is more refined than ITN, with considerable additions and updates of roads and paths in the UK.  

When users execute the Catchment and Area Access functions, the results they see may be different from previous model runs. The difference is manifested by the fact that the OS Highways dataset is a new schema and geometry refinement of the previous legacy ITN dataset. The Active Places transport network analysis model, which uses OS Highways to create the dynamic routing solutions, is now also built by the new Esri UK Data Loader module. It has a more precise tolerance level and introduces the Z coordinate capabilities for traditionally X and Y based coordinate storage for the polylines representing roads. Turn restrictions are also consolidated.  

A typical catchment analysis involves trimming the outer edge polygon to provide a more cartographically simplified view, a typical tolerance of 100 metres was common when using ITN to avoid spikes and jagged edges.  The same trimming level in the OS Highways provides a more refined and precise relationship to roads, as seen in Figure 1 below. Trimming level tolerance calculation is largely based on the precision, bounding extent and vertex density of the underlying geometry. Due to the fact that the OS Highways dataset is bigger and has more precision and a more refined coordinate storage the 100-metre tolerance does not look like that of the ITN legacy model.  

Comparison outputs between ITN (left image) and OS Highways (right image) are provided in the below links:

Road catchment output

 Road catchment output

Path catchment output

 Path catchment output

Additional information

OS MasterMap Highways Network: https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/business-government/products/mastermap-highways

OS MasterMap Highways Network Paths: https://www.ordnancesurvey.co.uk/business-government/products/mastermap-highways-path

London Cycling Design Standard: http://content.tfl.gov.uk/lcds-chapter6-signsandmarkings.pdf p15-16

Esri Network Analyst: https://www.esri.com/en-us/arcgis/products/arcgis-network-analyst/overview


How can I access the Playing Pitch Calculator?

The Playing Pitch Calculator can help local authorities with estimating the likely demand that may be generated for the use of playing pitches by a new population. It has been developed to assist local authorities with assessing the needs for playing pitches when developing and/or implementing a playing pitch strategy (PPS).

For more information see http://www.sportengland.org/facilities-and-planning/planning-for-sport/planning-tools-and-guidance/playing-pitch-calculator/

If you work for a local authority which has an up to date PPS in place or are in the process of developing one, then to access the PPC firstly register with the Active Places Power (APP) website (if you are not already registered) then email planningforsport@sportengland.org to request access. Once access is enabled the PPC will be added to your list of available reports on APP.


How can I compare outputs for a selected area of interest (AOI) against other AOIs?

The “Compare Area of Interest” is an optional parameter that can be defined for the following reports:

- Detailed Report – Facilities

- Summary Report – Facilities

The “Compare Area of Interest” enables up to 15 comparator AOIs to be selected.  To facilitate the selection of AOIs they have been grouped according to the following relationships:

 Hierarchical Relationship - The hierarchical neighbour AOIs available for selection will be those administrative authorities in ascending hierarchy from the initial AOI selected. For example: Active Partnerships, County, Region and National for a selected Local Authority.

-  Geographical Relationship  - The AOIs whose geographic boundaries adjoin that of the selected AOI. 

-  Core Cities - England’s eight largest city economies outside London.

-  Full listing - All AOIs as listed within the default AOI list enabling the user to choose their own unique combination of comparison AOIs; Region, County, Active Partnerships and Local Authority AOIs.

(Note CIPFA relationships were removed (August 2019) due to Sport England not maintaining a subscription to the data.)


How does the access analysis report determine accessibility of sport facilities for a defined population?


Active Places Power uses one of Esri’s Network Analyst routing solvers to provide dynamic Origin to Destination (OD) routing analysis. This is achieved via the ArcGIS Server Network Analyst extension geo-processing web service. The solver type used in the Access Analysis is the OD Matrix Analysis. It performs the cost of travel in time or distance from multiple origins to multiple destinations. 


Two separate network datasets (driving model or walkingmodel) are used to compute the routing from multiple Output Area Centroids to multiple Facilities given a set of conditions. For the Drive option Ordnance Survey's Highways Network - Roads data is used whereas for the Walk option, OS Highways Network - Road is combined with the OS Highways Network - Path data. 

 

In the walking option motorways are avoided and all traversable roads are assigned a speed of 3 MPH. In the driving option the OS Highways road speed limits have not been used. Instead the entire OS Highways dataset has been assigned articulated speed limits determined through Sport England's Facility Planning Model (FPM). This includes for example junction delay factor of 10% (of the total Drive Time) and an additional 90 Secs (1.5 Mins) to factor in parking delays at start and end of each journey. This ensures a consistent calculation of drive times used within both Active Places Power and the Facility Planning Model.

 

With the Network Analyst OD Matrix solver, you can create an origin-destination travel time/distance cost matrix from multiple origins to multiple destinations. An OD cost matrix result contains the network impedance from each origin to each destination in accordance to specified cut-off criteria. 


The best network path is discovered for each origin-destination pair, and the cost (travel time or distance) is stored in the attribute table of the output lines. Even though the map shows straight lines from origins to destinations for performance reasons, the attributes of the lines store the actual traversed network route cost, not the straight-line cost. 

 

The user journey involves selecting an Area of Interest from the available list. The user can then choose to show population data and subsequently set the travel parameters. Parameters include choice of driving or walking and whether time or distance it to be used as a cut-off parameter. The system then submits this information to the ArcGIS Server Network Analyst solver to compute. When the process is completed the user gets notification to view the result. 

 

The resulting map shows the lines of connection between the origin, which are Output Area Population Weighted Centroids and the destination Facility that were reachable given the cut-off parameters. Output Area Population Weighted Centroids that were unable to reach a Facility due to the cut-off parameters are shown as red dots. 


The OD Matric calculation is an intensive process and thus the larger the Area of Interest, the more time it takes to compute the results. 



What do the report calculation symbols mean (i.e. <=)?

The below table defines the “operators” used to create basic calculations within the Active Places Power reports.

Operator

Description

< 

Less than.

<=

Less than or equal to.

<> 

Not equal to.

> 

Greater than.

>=

Greater than or equal to.

For example to create a detailed report of Sports Halls of the equivalent size to 5 or more badminton courts set Badminton Courts >= 5.


What information will the Map Identify tool return?

The Active Places Power interactive map includes a "Map Identify" tool (blue circle with "i") that returns information for a given location on the map.  To use the tool click on the Map Identify icon, which will change the mouse marker to include a question mark and display a tool tip.

Click anywhere on the map to return information.  A set of location information will be returned by default (see table below).  Other map layers must be set to display (within the left side Map Layers section) in order for the tool to return information on them.  The tool will automatically drill down through all map layers displayed on the map in addition to the default information. 

If multiple results are returned for a given data layer (i.e. Census Output Areas) zoom in to a larger scale and repeat the Map Identify action.  This will return a more specific set of results.

Location Details

Government

 

Parliamentary Constituency Name

Cities of London and Westminster

Parliamentary Constituency Code

E14000639

Ward Name

Cheap

Ward Code

122503

Local Authority Name

City of London

Local Authority Code

E09000001

County Name

Greater London Authority

County Code

999999999

Region Name

London

Region Code

E15000007

 

 

Sport England

 

Active Partnership Name

London Sport

Active Partnership Code

CSP031

 

 

Census

 

Output Area Code

E00000007

Lower Super Output Area Code

E02000001

Middle Super Output Area Code

E01000001

 

 

Geographic Reference

 

Easting

532083.5

Northing

181558.8

 

 


Why is Facilities per 1000 no longer available as a Strategic Planning Tool?

It was found that this tool was used as a simplistic way of developing a local standard which often masked the need to carry out more detailed local assessment work to develop a robust standard.  An over emphasis was therefore given to the use of this tool in isolation in creating local standards.

A reliance on this tool focusses too much on the supply side which often did not reflect the different types of facilities and their accessibility.  The National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF) has moved away from generic local standards for sport and recreation.  The NPPF requires a robust and up to date assessment of need for sport and recreational provision setting out actual infrastructure requirements.